Bia Conservation Area
Internal name: 
Stratum/block area (km²): 306
Population estimate: 146
Variance: 
Standard error: 
Value of t used to calculate 95% confidence interval: 
Degrees of freedom: 
95% confidence interval: 
95% lower confidence limit: 98
95% upper confidence limit: 172
Check if no estimate of precision available: false
Asymmetric lower confidence interval: 
Asymmetric upper confidence interval: 
Number of transects covered: 50
Total length of transects covered (in km): 50.0
Effective strip width: 
Number of observations (encounters): 162
How were distances to observations estimated?: Using instruments
Number of elephants seen: 
Number of dungpile on which the decay estimate is based: 70
Was dung decay rate measured on site, and if so, how?: Retrospectively
Dung decay estimate used (days): 54.64
Site where decay rate was measured: Bia Conservation Area
Date (year) in which decay rate was measured: 2009
Dung decay rate - bibliographical reference: Danquah, E. & S.K. Oppong (2014). Survey of Forest Elephants Loxodonta cyclotis (Matschie, 1900) (Mammalia: Proboscidea: Elephantidae) in the Bia Conservation Area, Ghana. Journal of Threatened Taxa 6(11): 6399–6405; http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/JoTT.o3722.
Variance: 
Standard error: 0.239
Value of t: 
Degrees of freedom: 
95% Confidence interval: 
95% lower confidence limit: 
95% upper confidence limit: 
Check if no estimate of precision available: false
Was defecation rate measured on-site?: false
Estimate of defecation rate used (days): 18.0
Site where the defecation rate was measured: 
Defecation rate - bibliographical reference: (Hedges & Lawson 2006)
Variance: 
Standard error: 
Value of t: 
Degrees of freedom: 
95% Confidence interval: 
95% lower confidence limit: 
95% upper confidence limit: 
Check if no estimate of precision available: false
Estimate of dung density: 452
Variance: 
Standard error: 
Value of t: 
Degrees of freedom: 
95% Confidence interval: 
95% lower confidence limit: 396.22
95% upper confidence limit: 596.32
Asymmetric upper confidence interval: 
Asymmetric lower confidence interval: 
Check if no estimate of precision available: false
Dung encounter rate: